Psalmopoeus irminia Care Guide

The Venezuelan Suntiger Tarantula

Revision Date: March 2025

Introduction

Psalmopoeus irminia, commonly known as the Venezuelan Suntiger, is a remarkable arboreal species admired for its stunning coloration and distinctive patterns. Native to Venezuela, Guyana, and recently observed in Brazil, this species captures attention with its jet-black body contrasted by vibrant orange markings. While beautiful, it demands respect due to its speed and defensive temperament.

Quick Species Snapshot

• Scientific Name: Psalmopoeus irminia

• Common Names: Venezuelan Suntiger, Suntiger Tarantula

• Type: Arboreal

• Category: New World (but lacks urticating hairs)

• Native Range: Venezuela, Guyana, and recently observed in Brazil (2016)

• Size: Diagonal leg span ~5.5 inches (14 cm)

• Growth Rate: Fast

• Life Expectancy: Females ~12 years; Males ~4 years

• Experience Level: Intermediate to Advanced

Taxonomy & Research Update

Psalmopoeus irminia, commonly known as the Venezuelan Suntiger Tarantula, is one of the most striking arboreal species in the hobby. First described by Saager in 1994, this species belongs to the Psalmopoeus genus, a group of fast-growing, semi-defensive arboreal tarantulas native to Central and South America. Unlike many other New World species, P. irminia lacks urticating hairs, relying instead on its speed and defensive posturing when threatened, traits that make it behave more like an Old World species despite its New World origins.

Psalmopoeus irminia is well-known for its bold black coloration contrasted with bright orange tiger-like markings on its legs, giving it a truly eye-catching appearance. Its high activity level, fast growth rate, and strong feeding response have made it a popular species among intermediate to advanced keepers who enjoy an energetic and visually striking tarantula.

What Makes Psalmopoeus irminia So Special?

There’s no mistaking P. irminia for anything else in the hobby. Its deep black body and vivid orange leg markings give it one of the most dramatic color contrasts of any arboreal tarantula. Add in its sleek, fast-moving nature, and you have a species that commands attention.

Aside from its looks, P. irminia is an incredibly fast-growing tarantula, reaching maturity in about two to three years. It’s an extremely efficient ambush predator, with an aggressive feeding response that makes it fun to observe during meals. However, this species is also known for being more defensive than other Psalmopoeus species, when disturbed, it won’t hesitate to throw up a threat pose or even bite if pushed too far.

Natural Habitat & Enclosure Considerations

Native to the tropical forests of Venezuela, P. irminia thrives in warm, humid environments where it builds elaborate webbing retreats in tree hollows and dense foliage. Unlike many arboreal species, it often incorporates a mix of burrowing and climbing behaviors, especially as a juvenile.

In captivity, a tall, well-ventilated enclosure with plenty of vertical climbing surfaces is essential. Cork bark slabs, artificial plants, and other anchor points for webbing will allow it to create a secure retreat. The enclosure should be kept at moderate to high humidity, with occasional misting to maintain moisture levels, but with enough ventilation to prevent stagnant air. A small water dish should also be provided.

Given the right setup, Psalmopoeus irminia will thrive, displaying its bold colors and active behaviors while establishing intricate web tunnels throughout its enclosure. For keepers who appreciate a fast-moving, visually stunning tarantula with a bit of attitude, this species is a fantastic addition to an arboreal collection.

Housing & Substrate

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Spiderlings

• Enclosure Size: Treehouse Mini, Coffin Crib Mini, Treehouse Extra Small, Sling Crib by Tarantula Cribs

• Substrate: 1–2” of Terra Aranea by The Bio Dude

• Decor: Cork bark pieces, artificial foliage, sphagnum moss

• Water: Small dish or regular misting

Juveniles

• Enclosure Size: Treehouse Switch Small, Small Treehouse, Coffin Crib Medium, Crib 360 - 8 inch Arboreal by Tarantula Cribs

• Substrate: 2–3” Terra Aranea by The Bio Dude

• Decor: Cork bark, secure hiding spots, foliage

• Water: Small water dish provided

Adults

• Enclosure Size: Treehouse Switch-XL2.0, Large Treehouse - Clear Back, Treehouse Switch - Large, Large Coffin Crib by Tarantula Cribs

• Substrate: 2–3” Terra Aranea by The Bio Dude

• Decor: Vertical cork bark hides, branches, plants

• Water: Large dish, occasional misting

Temperature & Humidity

• Temperature: Maintain between 68–76°F (20–24°C)

• Humidity: Moderate humidity (65–75%); ensure excellent ventilation

Feeding Schedule

Spiderlings

• Frequency:
  Feed twice a week.

• Prey:
  Offer small prey such as flightless fruit flies, confused flour beetles, or pre-killed tiny crickets/roach nymphs. Remove any uneaten prey after 24 hours. increase the size of the prey as the spider grows. Prekill any prey that is over 2/3 the size of the sling. For more detailed information on feeding spiderlings, watch this video: How To Feed Spiderlings & Scorplings (Baby Tarantulas & Scorpions)

• Post-Molt:
  Wait 24–48 hours after a molt before feeding. Ensure that the tarantula’s fangs are solid black and its exoskeleton is not soft or shiny.

Juveniles

• Frequency:
  Feed every 7–10 days.

• Prey:
  Provide 2–3 small to medium crickets or a medium Dubia roach.

• Feeding Guidelines:

  • If the abdomen is thinner than the widest part of the carapace, feed more prey more often.

  • If the abdomen is wider than the carapace, feed less prey, less often.
    This strategy helps prevent obesity, which can lead to molting complications or increase the risk of an abdomen rupture from even a small fall.

• Post-Molt:
  Wait 3–7 days after a molt before feeding, ensuring that the tarantula’s fangs are solid black and its exoskeleton is fully hardened.

Adults

• Frequency:
  Feed every 2–3 weeks (or as needed).

• Prey:
  Offer 4–5 large crickets or one large Dubia roach.

• Feeding Guidelines:

  • If the abdomen is thinner than the carapace’s widest part, increase feeding frequency.

  • If the abdomen is wider than the carapace, reduce feeding frequency.
    This is crucial to avoid obesity, which can interfere with proper molting or cause dangerous issues such as an abdomen rupture.

• Post-Molt:
  Wait 5–10 days after a molt before feeding, ensuring that the tarantula’s fangs are solid black and its exoskeleton is fully hardened.

Behavior & Temperament

Psalmopoeus irminia is easily one of the most defensive and skittish tarantulas I've kept. While lacking urticating hairs, this species compensates with lightning-fast speed and stronger-than-average New World venom. Though bites are uncommon, they can be quite painful and may cause nausea, dizziness, and muscle cramps. I always recommend minimal interaction—using tongs and a catch cup to reduce any risks.

Breeding Psalmopoeus irminia in Captivity

Breeding Psalmopoeus irminia (Venezuelan Suntiger Tarantula) can be a rewarding endeavor for enthusiasts familiar with arboreal species. This species is known for its striking black coloration with vibrant orange markings and relatively fast growth rate.

Sexual Maturity & Pairing

• Male Maturity: Males typically reach maturity within 1.5–2 years, developing longer legs and bulbous pedipalps for sperm transfer.

• Female Maturity: Females generally mature around 2–3 years, achieving a robust size indicative of reproductive readiness.

• Pre-Pairing Preparation: We should ensure the female is well-fed before introducing the male to minimize the risk of cannibalism. Slightly increasing humidity prior to pairing may encourage receptiveness.

Mating Process

• Introduce the male into the female’s enclosure during the evening or nighttime when tarantulas are more active.

• The male will typically perform courtship behaviors, such as tapping or drumming, to signal his presence.

• If receptive, the female may respond similarly or remain still, allowing the male to approach and attempt copulation.

• After successful mating, promptly remove the male to prevent potential aggression from the female.

Egg Sac Production

• If fertilized, the female may produce an egg sac approximately 4–8 weeks after mating.

• Maintain temperatures around 75–80°F (24–27°C) with humidity levels between 70–80%, ensuring adequate ventilation to prevent mold growth.

• An egg sac typically contains between 50 to 200 eggs.

Egg Sac Handling (Optional)

• Some breeders choose to remove the egg sac from the female after 30–40 days for artificial incubation.

• If left with the mother, spiderlings (slings) will typically emerge within 6–8 weeks and undergo their first molt to the second instar stage within 3–4 weeks thereafter.

Raising Spiderlings

• P. irminia spiderlings exhibit a fast growth rate and require stable humidity with proper ventilation.

• Provide enclosures with sufficient vertical space to accommodate their arboreal nature, including structures for climbing and web attachment.

• Feed them appropriately sized prey, such as pinhead crickets or flightless fruit flies, every 2–3 days to support healthy development.

Challenges & Considerations

• Temperament and Speed: P. irminia are known for their speed and can be skittish. Caution is advised during maintenance to prevent escapes or bites.

• Humidity and Ventilation: Maintaining proper humidity levels is crucial, as spiderlings are particularly susceptible to desiccation. Ensure enclosures are well-ventilated to prevent mold growth.

• Lack of Urticating Hairs: Unlike many New World tarantulas, P. irminia lacks urticating hairs and relies on its speed and venom for defense. While bites are rare, they can cause significant discomfort and medical symptoms.

Final Thoughts

Psalmopoeus irminia, commonly known as the Venezuelan Suntiger, is a captivating species that continues to intrigue tarantula enthusiasts worldwide. First described by F. Saager in 1994, this tarantula is indigenous to Venezuela and surrounding regions.

The genus name "Psalmopoeus" is derived from Greek, with "psalmo" meaning "song" and "poeus" meaning "to make," possibly alluding to the spider's elusive and harmonious presence in its natural habitat. The species name "irminia" is a patronym, honoring a person named Irminia, although specific details about the honoree are not widely documented.

In terms of conservation status, Psalmopoeus irminia has not been formally evaluated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). This lack of assessment means there is limited information on population trends and potential threats in the wild. However, habitat loss due to deforestation in its native range could pose future risks to its natural populations.

Recent studies have focused on the environmental niche of P. irminia, emphasizing its role in tropical forest ecosystems. These tarantulas are arboreal, often residing in tree cavities at medium heights, and play a significant role as both predator and prey within their ecological communities.

For hobbyists, the Venezuelan Suntiger offers a blend of beauty and challenge. Its striking appearance and unique behaviors make it a prized addition to any collection. However, potential keepers should be mindful of its speed and potent venom relative to other New World species, ensuring they are prepared to meet its specific husbandry requirements.

In summary, Psalmopoeus irminia is a remarkable tarantula that embodies the allure and diversity of the Theraphosidae family. Whether observed in the wild or cared for in captivity, it continues to captivate those who encounter it.

Additional Recommendations

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