Emperor Scorpion

Pandinus imperator Care Guide

Emperor Scorpion

Revision Date: March 2025

Introduction

The Emperor Scorpion (Pandinus imperator), also known as the Imperial Scorpion, is one of the most iconic and popular scorpions in the hobby. Known for its impressive size, docile temperament, and ease of care, it's frequently recommended as an ideal beginner species.

Quick Species Snapshot

• Scientific Name: Pandinus imperator

• Common Names: Emperor Scorpion, Imperial Scorpion

• Type: Terrestrial

• Native Range: West Africa (Nigeria, Togo, Sierra Leone, Ghana, and Congo)

• Size: 6-7 inches (up to 8 inches reported)

• Growth Rate: Medium

• Life Expectancy: Females 6–8 years | Males slightly shorter

• Venom: Mild; not medically significant unless allergic

• Experience Level: Beginner

Etymology & Taxonomic History

The name Pandinus comes from the Greek mythological figure "Pandion," an Athenian king, while the species name imperator is Latin for "emperor," referring to its impressive size and commanding presence. Initially described in 1842 by German zoologist Carl Ludwig Koch, this species has become the most well-known representative of the genus.

Housing & Substrate

For enclosures, I highly recommend using Tarantula Cribs. Use my affiliate code TTC10 for 10% off all purchases.

Scorplings & Juveniles:

• Enclosure Size: Sling Crib, Small Slider Crib, Small Cuboid by Tarantula Cribs.

• Substrate: Terra Aranea by The Bio Dude, filled at least ½ to ¾ of the enclosure depth.

• Humidity: Keep the substrate damp (not soaking wet), with a small shallow water dish provided.

Adults:

• Enclosure Size: Large Slider Crib, 12" Cube, 18" Cube, Terrestrial XL by Tarantula Cribs.

• Substrate: Terra Aranea by The Bio Dude, filling ½ to ¾ of the enclosure depth to encourage burrowing.

• Features: Multiple hides, cork bark pieces, and leaf litter for added enrichment.

• Humidity: Moderate to high humidity (75–80%); regularly overflow water dish to maintain moisture.

Temperature & Humidity

• Temperature: Ideal range 72–82°F (22–28°C). Supplementary heating via side-mounted heat pads (not underneath) controlled by a thermostat is optional if room temperatures drop below recommended levels.

• Humidity: Maintain between 75–80%. Humidity can be sustained by regularly overflowing a large shallow water dish, dampening the substrate occasionally, and providing sphagnum moss.

Feeding Schedule

• Scorplings: Small prey 1–2 times weekly (pinhead crickets, small roaches).

• Juveniles: Appropriately sized prey once per week (medium crickets, roaches).

• Adults: Larger prey every 7–14 days (large crickets, dubia roaches).

Feeding Guidelines:

Feed based on scorpion's abdomen size:

• Abdomen smaller than carapace width: feed more frequently.

• Abdomen larger: reduce frequency to prevent obesity.

Always remove uneaten prey after 24 hours to avoid mold or mites.

Behavior & Temperament

Emperor Scorpions are famously docile compared to many other scorpions, preferring to pinch rather than sting when threatened. However, their large claws can deliver a painful pinch. While their venom is mild and poses minimal health risks, individuals with allergies should exercise caution. Though they are docile, handling is discouraged due to their fragile exoskeletons and the risk of injury from accidental falls. Provide plenty of hides, as they spend much of their time burrowed or hidden during daylight hours, becoming more active at night.

Communal Living

While Emperor Scorpions can be kept communally, it's not recommended unless you're an experienced keeper. If you choose communal housing, provide ample space and multiple hides, and ensure each scorpion is well-fed to reduce aggression and territorial behaviors.

Conservation & Scientific Research

Due to overcollection from the wild for the pet trade, Emperor Scorpions are listed under CITES Appendix II, meaning trade is regulated to prevent unsustainable harvesting. Ensure you purchase only captive-bred specimens to support conservation efforts. Recent studies on Emperor Scorpion venom have revealed potential medicinal applications, including compounds effective against malaria and bacterial infections, highlighting the species' importance beyond pet-keeping.

Final Thoughts

The Emperor Scorpion remains a top choice for enthusiasts, especially beginners entering the world of scorpion keeping. Its impressive size, relatively calm demeanor, and straightforward care make it an ideal first scorpion. Compared to its often confused look-alike, the Asian Forest Scorpion (Heterometrus silenus), the Emperor Scorpion is generally larger, with noticeably rougher pincers and a distinctive amber to reddish telson. The intriguing ongoing scientific research into its venom underscores the significance and value of this fascinating arachnid.

Additional Recommendations:

For optimal care, check out Tarantula Cribs (affiliate code TTC10 for 10% off), use Terra Aranea substrate from The Bio Dude, and always purchase from reputable breeders like Spider Shoppe, using code TTC10 for 10% savings.

Visit my website's Dealer & Discounts section for additional trusted vendors and resources.